While it can be used by individuals working on straightforward decisions, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is most useful where teams of people are working on complex problems, especially those with high stakes, involving human perceptions and judgments, whose resolutions have long-term repercussions.
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Several firms supply computer software to assist in using the process. These numbers represent the alternatives' relative ability to achieve the decision goal, so they allow a straightforward consideration of the various courses of action. In the final step of the process, numerical priorities are calculated for each of the decision alternatives. This capability distinguishes the AHP from other decision making techniques. A numerical weight or priority is derived for each element of the hierarchy, allowing diverse and often incommensurable elements to be compared to one another in a rational and consistent way. The AHP converts these evaluations to numerical values that can be processed and compared over the entire range of the problem. It is the essence of the AHP that human judgments, and not just the underlying information, can be used in performing the evaluations. In making the comparisons, the decision makers can use concrete data about the elements, but they typically use their judgments about the elements' relative meaning and importance. Once the hierarchy is built, the decision makers systematically evaluate its various elements by comparing them to each other two at a time, with respect to their impact on an element above them in the hierarchy. The elements of the hierarchy can relate to any aspect of the decision problem-tangible or intangible, carefully measured or roughly estimated, well or poorly understood-anything at all that applies to the decision at hand. Users of the AHP first decompose their decision problem into a hierarchy of more easily comprehended sub-problems, each of which can be analyzed independently. It provides a comprehensive and rational framework for structuring a decision problem, for representing and quantifying its elements, for relating those elements to overall goals, and for evaluating alternative solutions. Rather than prescribing a "correct" decision, the AHP helps decision makers find one that best suits their goal and their understanding of the problem.
It represents an accurate approach to quantifying the weights of decision criteria. Saaty in the 1970s Saaty partnered with Ernest Forman to develop Expert Choice software in 1983, and AHP has been extensively studied and refined since then. The analytic hierarchy process ( AHP), also analytical hierarchy process, is a structured technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions, based on mathematics and psychology. Their decision process is described in depth in an appendix to this article. According to the judgments of the decision makers, Dick is the strongest candidate, followed by Tom, then Harry. The factors to be considered are experience, education, charisma, and age.
The goal is to select the most suitable leader from a field of three candidates. A simple AHP hierarchy, with final priorities.
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